Maps > Europe(85 items) > Scandinavia (6 items)
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	DE L'ISLE, Guillaume (1675-1726) Carte du Royaume de Danemarc Paris: [chez l'Auteur sur le Quay de l'Orloge], 1710 [but 1731]. Engraved with period outline colour. Printed on thick laid paper. In very good condition, soiling near the edges, mostly marginal . Sheet size: 20 x 25 3/4 inches. An excellent 18th century map of Denmark by the celebrated French cartographer, Guillaume de L'Isle. Guillaume de L'Isle (1675-1726) was the son of a cartographer and a pupil of Jean Dominique Cassini, who, among other important contributions, aligned the study of astronomy to the study of geography. Under Cassini's direction, observations were made from locations all over the world that enabled longitudinal calculations to be made with much greater accuracy. De l'Isle carried on this exacting work with remarkable dedication and integrity, constantly revising and improving his maps. While precision was his primary goal, his maps are also invariably elegant and attractive. This map is from an edition of De L'Isle's Atlas de Geographie, which was reissued posthumously from 1730 to 1774. A handsome, concise map of Denmark that includes three former provinces at the southern tip o Sweden. Moreland and Bannister, Antique Maps p. 132; Tooley's Dictionary of Mapmakers, 395 #18730$650.00
	DE L'ISLE, Guillaume (1675-1726) Cartes Des Courones Du Nord Qui Comprend les Royaumes de Danemark, Suede & Nowege, &c./ Téatre de la Guerre des Courones du nord Qui Comprend les Royaumes de Danemark, Suede & Norwege &c. [and] Seconde Carte des Courones du Nord, que Comprend le Royaume de Danemark &c. Amsterdam: Covens & Mortier, [1742]. A pair of copper-engraved maps, with original outline colour, collection stamp on verso of both sheets, overall very good condition. Sheet size: 21 1/2 x 25 3/4 inches each. A superb, large scale two sheet map of Scandinavia, by one of France's greatest cartographers, made at the time of the Northern War The war referred to in the title was the Northern War in which Sweden, under the young Charles XII was opposed by Russia, under Peter the Great, Poland and Saxony under Augustus II, and Denmark. The first ten years of the war, 1699-1709, went extremely well for Charles and Sweden, but from then to peace in 1721 quite badly: Charles was killed in the trenches in 1718, and Sweden was notably diminished in power, prestige and territory. This is a two part map from a Dutch edition of De L'Isle's work entitled, Atlas Nouveau, Contenant Toutes Les Parties Du Monde, Ou sont exactement Remarquées les Empires, Monarchies, Royaumes, Etats, Republiques &c. Par Guillaume de l'Isle. Premier Géographe de sa Majesté. It was published by Covens and Mortier, brothers-in-law who continued the firm established by Pierre Mortier. Guillaume de l'Isle (1675-1726) was son of a cartographer and a pupil of Jean Dominique Cassini, who among other important contributions, aligned the study of astronomy to the study of geography. Under Cassini's direction, observations were made from locations all over the world that enabled longitudinal calculations to be made with much greater accuracy. De l'Isle carried on this exacting work with remarkable dedication and integrity, constantly revising and improving his maps. While precision was his primary goal, his maps are invariably elegant and attractive. The southern half of this very detailed and attractive map includes all the land surrounding the Baltic with "Petersbourg" at the very eastern edge that appears to have been added as an afterthought. Koeman, Atlantes Neerlandici, C & M 7, #11 & 12 #11501$850.00
	DE WIT, Frederick (1630-1706) Regni Sueciæ Tabula Generalis, divisa in Sueciæ, Gotiæque Regna Finniæ Ducatum Lapponiam, Livoniam Ingriamque et in omnes subiacentes provincias Amsterdam: De Wit, c. 1703. Copper-engraved map, with original outline colour. Mild soiling, otherwise, excellent. Sheet size: 21 x 24 1/2 inches. A very fine map of Sweden, Finland and the Baltic States, by one of the period's most prominent cartographers Frederick de Wit's finely engraved maps give the viewer the impression of great clarity and precision. The unperfected geography is more than compensated for by the near perfect rendering. This handsome map of the kingdom of Sweden depicts the country at the time of Charles XI (1660-97) and Charles XII (1697-1718). During this period, the Swedish monarchy was strong and territorially immense--much of the land depicted here was ruled by the Swedish king including Livonia, Finland and Gotland. By the end of Charles XII's reign, however, Sweden was no longer the strongest northern state and it began gradually to lose territory. Koeman, Atlantes Neerlandici, De Wit 116. #13692$750.00
	LA FEUILLE, Jacob de (1668-1719) Dania Regnum, Ducatus Holsatia et Slesvicum Insulæ Danicæ et Provinciæ Iutia Scania, etc. Amsterdam: c. 1710. Engraved with period outline colour. Bottom margin trimmed close to neat line. All edges browned. Image size (including text): 20 1/2 x 24 1/8 inches. Sheet size: 21 1/8 x 24 3/4 inches. A handsome early 18th century Dutch map of Denmark The de la Feuille family came to Amsterdam from France in 1683. The father, Daniel, was a goldsmith and engraver. Talent in engraving in Amsterdam at that time naturally led to publishing and mapmaking. This map was made by Jacob (originally Jacques) on the basis of several contemporary maps. It is very attractive, very much in the style of late Dutch cartography: emphasizing clarity and readability, handsomely coloured and bearing an interesting and appropriate Baroque style cartouche - here demonstrating the rich agricultural and pastoral aspects of the country. Koeman, La F 16, #83 #13703$750.00
	LAURIE, Robert, and James WHITTLE, publishers A New Map of the Northern States containing the Kingdoms of Sweden, Denmark, and Norway; with the Western Parts of Russia, Livonia, Courland & ca. London: Laurie & Whittle, 1794. Copper-engraved map with period hand-colouring in outline. Sheet size: 21 3/4 x 29 inches. Good condition apart from some discolouration at center fold, mild offsetting, some small tears to margins. Laurie & Whittle were leading map and print publishers in London at the end of the 18th century, having acquired Robert Sayer's business in 1794. They subsequently recognised that there was a market for maps which recorded the ever-changing political boundaries during the Napoleonic era: a market which they were able to supply. Their maps in general all have the same characteristic of being highly accurate and beautifully engraved: the present map ably exemplifies this trait. The intricate topography of Scandinavia (the fjords, forested mountains and lakes) lends itself to what is a superb demonstration of the engraver's art. #11094$350.00
	PTOLEMY, Claudius (90-168 A.D.) Quarta Europe Tabula [Rome: Petrus de Turre, 4 November 1490]. Copper-engraved map, in very good condition apart from a small marginal repair to the lower blank margin and a small rust-hole in the image area, rebacked centerfold, overall soiling. Sheet size: 16 1/8 x 22 inches. A highly important and elegant map from the second edition of the 'Rome Ptolemy' This map is one of the earliest and most important printed maps of the region embracing the Netherlands, Germany and Denmark, being one of the trapezoidal tabulae, or regional maps of the Classical world, contained in the 1490 Rome edition of Ptolemy's Cosmographia.. This map is also fascinating as one of the last representations of the region to be published before triangulated surveys dramatically modified the depiction of the region in the sixteenth-century. The image takes in the vast area of 'Magna Germania', the heart of Europe, running north of the Alps and extending up into Scandinavia. As part of the 1490 'Rome Ptolemy', this map was printed from the same plates used for the first edition of 1478. R.A. Skelton stated that the 1490 edition was issued 'in response to the geographical curiosity aroused by the Portuguese entry into the Indian Ocean', with Bartholemew Diaz's rounding of the Cape of Good Hope in 1488 (Skelton, p.X), and appropriately Christopher Columbus heavily annotated a copy of the 1478 edition. The 'Rome Ptolemy' maps occupy an extremely important place in the history of early printing, and the story of their genesis is most fascinating. It begins with Conrad Swenheym, who is widely thought to have been present at the birth of printing while an apprentice of Johann Guttenberg. After Mainz was sacked in 1462, Swenheym fled south to Italy and arrived at the Benedictine monastery of Subiaco, likely at the suggestion of the great humanist and cartographer Cardinal Nicholas of Cusa. In 1464-5, Swenheyn, in partnership with another German émigré, Arnold Pannartz, introduced the first printing press to Italy. Over the next few years, Pope Paul II was to become so enthusiastic about the new medium that he liquidated scriptoria and commissioned several newly established printers to publish vast quantities of religious and humanist texts. In 1467, Swenheym and Pannartz moved to Rome under the Pope's patronage where they printed over fifty books from their press at the Massimi Palace. Unfortunately, when the pope died in 1471, the new pontiff Sixtus IV disavowed the numerous unpaid orders of his predecessor. In this new climate, Swenheym and Pannartz elected to move away from mass printing and to rededicate their efforts to creating the first printed illustrated edition of Ptolemy's Cosmographia, a work which was one of the greatest sensations of the Italian renaissance. By 1474 this immensely challenging endeavor was well under way, and Swenheym is recorded as having trained "mathematicians" to engrave maps on copper. They did, however have competition in the form of Taddeo Crivelli of Bologna, who was determined to be the first to the goal, even allegedly poaching one of Swenheym's employees who was privy to the project in Rome. Crivelli raced to complete the project, while Swenheym painstakingly guided the quality of his work, an endeavor slowed by the death of Pannartz in the plague of 1476. Crivelli's work was finally published on June 29th, 1477, making it the first printed Cosmography and the first ever set of engraved maps. Swenheym died in 1577, and the project was taken up by Arnold Buckinck, originally from Cologne, who saw the project to completion on October 10, 1478. While it may not have been the first printed edition, Rodney Shirley notes that 'The copper plates engraved at Rome ... [were] much superior in clarity and craftsmanship to those of the 1477 Bologna edition ... Many consider the Rome plates to be the finest Ptolemaic plates produced until Gerard Mercator engraved his classical world atlas in 1578' (Shirley p.3). Swenheym's close supervision of his engravers saw that 'The superior craftsmanship of the engraved maps in the Rome edition, by comparison with those of the [1477] Bologna edition, is conspicuous and arresting. The cleanliness and precision with which the geographical details are drawn; the skill with which the elements of the map are arranged according to their significance, and the sensitive use of the burin in working the plates - these qualities ... seem to point to the hand of an experienced master, perhaps from North Italy' (Skelton, p.VIII). A number of authorities have suggested a principal engraver from either Venice or Ferrara. Another aspect of these maps which stands out is the fine Roman letters used for the place names on the plates. In an apparently unique experiment, these letters were not engraved with a burin but punched into the printing plate using metal stamps or dies. These fine prints represent a milestone in the medium, being some of the earliest successful intaglio engravings, quite apart from their undeniable cartographic importance. While the artists who carried out Swenheym's vision will likely never be known, they produced the most important and artistically virtuous printed maps of the fifteenth-century. Upon the publication of the Rome Ptolemy, a frustrated Crivelli saw potential clients abandon his edition in favour of its superior rival. Petrus de Turre (Pietro de la Torre) purchased these same plates and on November 4th, 1490 first used them to print a second Rome edition, of which this map was a part. The plates had remained in excellent condition and the original sharpness and quality was preserved. This map remains one of the most historically important and visually striking images of the Netherlands, Germany and Denmark available to collectors. Cf. BMC IV, p.133; Campbell, The Earliest Printed Maps, pp.131-133; Destombes, Catalogue des Cartes gravées au XVe siècle, 41(1); cf. Goff, P-1086; cf. Hain, 13541; Indice Generale, 8128; cf. Klebs, Incunabula, 812.7; cf. Proctor, 3966; cf. Sabin, Ptolemy, 66474; cf. Sander, 5976; Shirley, The Mapping of the World, 4; cf. Skelton, Claudius Ptolomaeus Cosmographia Rome 1478, p.XIII; cf. Stevens, Ptolemy's Geography, 42; cf. Stilwell, P-992 #18299$6,500.00
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