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	ARROWSMITH, John (1790-1873) Map of Texas, compiled from Surveys recorded in the Land Office of Texas and other Official Surveys. London: Arrowsmith, 1858. Copper-engraved map, with original outline colour. Sheet size: 26 1/2 x 21 5/8 inches. The scarce final issue of Arrowsmith's map of Texas. "Arrowsmith's map was the first to show the full extent of the Texas claim to the region of the upper Rio Grande, an area included within Texas borders until the Compromise of 1850. The map includes two insets, one showing the geographical relationship of Mexico, Texas and the United States (prior to the Mexican War), and another inset showing Galveston Bay, with soundings illustrating for the traveler safe routes to Houston and Galveston. The popularity and general acceptance of the map was shown by the fact that many mapmakers copied liberally from Arrowsmith's map, including some of its errors ... As one of the earliest maps to contain information from the General Land Office of Texas, the map located Indian tribes, major roadways, and included editorial comments for the benefit of the future traveler to Texas, such as 'excellent land,'" 'valuable land,' 'rich land,' and 'delightful country.' In spite of its few errors, the map was certainly the best information on Texas geography available in Europe during the decade in which the political fate of the new Republic was of international concern" (Martin and Martin). Several issues of the map were published between 1841 and 1858, with varying differences. The present copy is the scarce final issue of the map, with additional newly-created counties in the southeastern part of the state shown here for the first time, outlined in period hand-colouring. Martin & Martin, Maps of Texas and the Southwest, 1513-1900; plate 32, p. 127; Tooley, 'Printed Maps of America', in Map Collector's Circle 69, item 262; Day, Maps of Texas 438; Wheat 451; Streeter, Texas 1373. #20131$27,500.00
	ARROWSMITH, John (1790-1873) Map of Texas, compiled from Surveys recorded in the Land Office of Texas and other Official Surveys. London: Arrowsmith, 1841. Copper-engraved map, with original outline colour, in very good condition, but for an expertly repaired tear (with no loss) at upper right. Sheet size: 24 1/2 x 20 1/2 inches. The great European map of the Republic of Texas. Arrowsmith's map was probably the first to show the full extent of Texas's claim to the region of the upper Rio Grande, an area included within Texas's boundaries until the Compromise of 1850. The map includes two insets, one showing the geographical relationship of Mexico, Texas and the United States, and another inset showing Galveston Bay, with soundings illustrating for the traveler the best route to the new city of Houston. The popularity and general acceptance of the map was shown by the fact that many mapmakers copied liberally from Arrowsmith's map, including some of its errors. As one of the earliest maps to contain information from the General Land Office of Texas, the map located Indian tribes, major roadways, and included editorial comments for the benefit of the future traveler to Texas, such as "excellent land," "valuable land," "rich land," and "delightful country." In spite of its few errors, the map was certainly the best information on Texas geography available in Europe during the decade in which the political fate of the new Republic was of international concern. The present copy is the Kennedy state, from William Kennedy's The Rise, Progress and Prospects of the Republic of Texas. The imprint line gives the publication date as "17 April 1841." When the map is found in the London Atlas, it is usually the third state dated "8 June 1843." Martin & Martin, Maps of Texas and the Southwest, 1513-1900; plate 32; Tooley, 'Printed Maps of America', in Map Collector's Circle 69, item 262. #5901$27,500.00
	BELLIN, Jacques Nicolas (1703-72) Carte Réduite de L'Ocean Septentrional compris entre l'Asie et l'Amerique suivant les Decouvertes qui ont été faites par les Russes... Paris: J. N. Bellin, 1766. Copper-engraved map, in very good condition apart from expert repairs to center fold. Sheet size: 25 1/3 x 37 1/8 inches. A fascinating map of the North Pacific shown just before the voyages of Cook, by Bellin, the esteemed French Royal hydrographer, present here in the first state This extremely interesting and finely engraved large map depicts the northern Pacific Ocean, and adjacent coasts during an early stage in its exploration, after the first wave of great Russian explorers but just before the momentous voyages of Captain James Cook. The map embraces a vast expanse from north of the 35th parallel, from Japan to California. The map shows the tracks of the Russian voyages of Bering and his deputy Aleksei Chirikov conducted from 1728-43 that first defined eastern Siberia and touched upon the American northwest. Save the imaginary bulge on the north coast of the Chuckchi Peninsula, the coasts of Siberia are extremely well-defined, attesting to Bering's enormous talent as a cartographer. Japan, whose rulers were known to be especially unwelcoming to foreign explorers, is not well understood, such that its large northernmost island, Hokkaido, does not appear at all on the map. It is perhaps Bellin's depiction of North America that is most intriguing. It shows how Bering and Chirikov touched on various points of the Aleutians and sighted Mount St. Elias, the 18,000 ft. peak located near the top of the Alaska panhandle. The Pacific northwest immediately south of that point is entirely conjectural noting apocryphal discoveries such as the 'River of the King's' encountered by the Spanish Admiral de Fuente in 1640, and the Strait of Juan De Fuca, discovered in 1592. Although the latter body of water does exist, it was probably first encountered by Europeans in the 1770s. Bellin does, however, note Sir Francis Drake's actual discovery of 'Nouvelle Albion' (northern California) in 1578. The map optimistically shows a land route across the continent to the Pacific, decades before any such endeavor was embarked upon. The mapping of the heart of North America is also most curious, as it shows the Red River system, which in reality flows towards Hudson's Bay, as being connected to the Mississippi Basin. The map is elegantly traversed by rhumb lines and the composition is completed by an exquisite rococo title cartouche. This map was part of the l'Hydrographie Française, a great sea atlas, published by Bellin in two volumes from 1755 to 1766. This was one of the finest works of the prolific Bellin, the "Hydrographer to the King", who was so highly regarded that the British (who were almost always at war with France) made him a member of their Royal Society. Kershaw, Early Printed Maps of Canada IV:1125, plate 879; Wagner, Cartography of the Northwest Coast of America, 610 #19716$2,750.00
	FER, Nicholas de (1646-1720) La Californie ou Nouvelle Caroline teatro de los Trabajos Apostolicos de la Compa. Jesus en la America Septe. Paris: De Fer dans l'Isle du Palais à la Sphere Royale, 1720. Copper-engraved map, with original outline colour, in excellent condition. Sheet size: 19 3/4 x 28 3/8 inches. One of the largest and most important depictions of California as an Island. This is one of the finest early maps of California and the Southwest. Wheat called it an "important and carefully drawn map"; and Tooley described it as a "fine rare map ... a reissue of de Fer's map of 1705 but on a larger scale and with some notable additions." The map was based on information gathered by Father Eusibio Kino before 1695. Kino, Jesuit missionary and traveler, visited Baja California in 1685. He was among the Seris and Pimas in 1690, after which he transferred to northern Sonora, where he remained until his death in 1711. His missionary work in Sonora included expeditions north and west to Arizona. In 1696, he sent to Rome a compilation of his cartographical work. It was this manuscript, or another similar map now lost, on which Nicholas de Fer based his printed map. De Fer's map is probably the best synthesis of knowledge for the region on the eve of Kino's subsequent 1701 discovery that California was attached to the continental landmass. De Fer still shows California as an island, probably the last great map to do so, and the Gila flows directly into the sea rather than correctly into the Colorado River. The Gila is thick with placenames, and New Mexico is well portrayed. Below the title is a lengthy engraved text that gives the early history of California up to 1695. Over three hundred and fifty towns and villages are located on the map. It is an invaluable record of the late seventeenth century missions and Indian villages in the region. Lowery, The Lowery Collection, 205; McLaughlin, California as an Island, 196; Tooley, 'California as an Island,' 83, in The Mapping of America; Wheat, Mapping of the Transmississippi West, 102. #19718$12,000.00
	GODDARD, Charles Britton & Rey's Map of the State of California San Francisco: 1860. Hand-coloured. Several fold tears repaired and restored. Laid on fresh linen. Sheet size: 30.25 x 24.75 inches. Extremely rare map of California, by George Goddard. George H. Goddard came to California in 1850. In 1855, he surveyed a part of the boundary between California and Utah Territory (now Nevada). He later surveyed for the Western Pacific Railroad and for John Charles Fremont. He also surveyed most of the important passes Sierra Nevada Mountains. Mount Goddard still bears the name of this important early surveyor. In 1855, Goddard compiled a manuscript map of California on a scale of two miles to the inch. The map was a remarkable improvement on the best available maps, so much so that Marlette, the States Surveyor General petitioned the California legislature to purchase Goddard's map, stating that nowhere else could so complete and extensive a map be obtained. After the legislature rejected the proposal, Goddard submitted a version of the manuscript to Britton & Rey, who lithographed and published it for the first time in 1857. Among its many distinctions, it was the first map to accurately locate Lake Tahoe (here Lake Bigler), derived from Goddard's own surveys in the Sierra Nevada. The last recorded example of the map to appear on the market was offered in Warren Howell's Catalogue 50, where Howell offered the Grabhorn-Streeter copy. In part quoting Carl Wheat and Thomas Streeter, Howell described the map in 1972 (Catalogue 42) as a beautiful example of the cartographer's art, is unfortunately rare and little-known … it was by far the most complete and accurate map of California that had yet appeared. Goddard, a talented surveyor, had first prepared a larger manuscript map, using all available data, on a scale of two miles to the inch, and the published map of 1857 was doubtless a re-drawing of this map on a smaller scale. The wealth of information which now appears throughout California graphically discloses the extent to which large portions of this vast and hitherto empty land had been peopled. Gold had swiftly done its work. The Goddard map is a fitting monument to the frenzied activity and achievements of the gold seekers, and with it the purely Gold Rush phase of California cartography comes to an end (WHEAT, 25 California Maps, 22). The map shows towns and settlements, trails, wagon roads, and county boundaries. Relief is indicated by hachures; numerous spot elevations are given; and physical features are named. The scale is 1 inch to 24 miles. Coverage includes the western half of Utah Territory and a northwestern corner of New Mexico Territory--- the area comprising the future State of Nevada. A reduced scale version, with revision, was published in 1858 and a new edition on a slightly larger scale in 1860. No example of either the 1858 or 1860 editions have apparently been offered at auction or in a dealer catalogue in the past 50 years.. However, while researching this map, we were fortunate to note that a copy of an 1858 edition, most likely the true 2nd Edition of Goddard's map (this example being called by Goddard the 3rd Edition), was sold in a private transaction in 2005. This 1858 edition indicated that it had been updated following the adjournment of the legislature in 1858. An exceptionally rare and important California map. Gold Region, 302; Wheat, Transmississippi, 921; Heckrotte, California 49, 36; Streeter Sale, 2819; Phillips, America, p. 185. #24045$12,000.00
	LOWE, Theodore H. and Francis F. BRUNÉ Map of Clear Creek County, Colorado. Drawn and compiled by Theo. H. Lowe and F.F. Bruné, C.E., Idaho, Colorado, Ter. Louisville: Hart and Mapother Lithographers, 1866. Lithographed map on six sheets unjoined, period hand-colouring in outline, three inset views (two attributed to be after Alfred E. Mathews), within an ornamental border (backed onto linen at an early date, inked library stamp on verso). Sheet size: 75 x 55 1/2 inches (if joined). An incredible, large-scale wall map of Clear Creek County, Colorado published less than a decade after the discovery of gold in the mining district and at the very outset of the area's settlement: a significant Colorado cartographic and mining rarity. Clear Creek County, located approximately 30 miles west of Denver, was one of the original 17 counties of Colorado Territory created in 1861. Settlement in the region, however, began in 1859 during the Pike's Peak Gold Rush, when prospectors settled along Clear Creek hoping to strike it rich. The large scale of this breathtaking map, projected at two thousand feet to the inch, allows for incredible detail of the county to be shown in the earliest years of its existence. The county is divided into 32 named districts, with a large unnamed area in the southeastern corner of the region. Mountains are named and beautifully shown via soft hachuring. Towns and creeks are identified, as are the wagon roads to Denver and Central City and numerous trails through the mountain passes. The proposed route of the Pacific railroad is clearly shown following the course of Clear Creek though Idaho to George Town, then back along Clear Creek and through Berthoud Pass to the northwest. Larger ranches are named (particularly in the more remote areas), and several businesses, including hotels, groceries and even a bathhouse, are located. The detail on the map, however, is most evident respecting the county's mining resources, with over 125 individual lodes located and named, plus over 25 quartz mills and several saw mills in addition. Most of the lodes are closely congregated along the Clear Creek west of the town of Idaho. At each of the lower corners of the map are inset views attributed to be after Alfred E. Mathews based on the style and the presence of similar images in his 1866 Pencil Sketches of Colorado. In the lower right corner is a view of Idaho Springs, titled "Idaho The County Seat of the Clear Creek County / Taken from the Illinois Bar" (the county seat moving to Georgetown the year following this map); plate 12 of Pencil Sketches includes a similar view of the town, though from a vantage point south of the town rather than east as in the present view. In the lower left corner is a view of the region north of the town of Empire, titled "Upper Empire and Silver Mountain"; while this view did not appear in Pencil Sketches, Matthews did depict the town of Empire nearby (Pencil Sketches, plate 13). The third inset is an untitled cross-section view of the interior of a working mine, showing a shaft with an adit. A key, located to the left of the mining view, identifies the symbols used on the map and below the key is a listing of the county's mountains with elevations above Denver, with their respective elevations given. Theodore H. Lowe and Francis F. Bruné came to Colorado during the Pike's Peak Gold Rush of 1859. It is assumed that both were trained surveyors, and Lowe seems to have been employed for a time by the U.S. Geological Survey. A printed note in the upper left corner of the decorative cartouche confirms that Lowe and Bruné compiled this impressive map from actual "instrumental surveys" in 1865. Lowe would be commissioned a deputy mineral surveyor in Colorado Springs in 1872, with Brune receiving the same commission in Leadville in 1878. The 1879 Leadville directory lists Bruné as the City Engineer. Lowe's contribution to the development of mining in the region is noted in Frank Hall's early history of the state. "The first discoverer of gold in this region [i.e. Cripple Creek in El Paso County], and also the first to develop the vein formation, was Theodore H. Lowe, a noted mining engineer and surveyor. In October, 1881, ten years prior to any settlement at Cripple Creek, while subdividing some pastoral lands for his uncle, William W. Womack, of Kentucky, in the western part of El Paso county, Mr. Lowe found a detached block of what appeared to be float quartz. Breaking off a fragment, he took it to Prof. E. E. Burlingame, the leading assayer of Denver, for analysis, and in due time received a certificate stating that it contained at the rate of $166.23 gold per ton. Encouraged by this result, he returned to the spot and began searching for the outcrop of the vein whence the 'blossom' had been eroded, and at length found it. Locating thereon a claim called the 'Grand View,' he sunk a shaft ten feet deep, as required by law, and recorded the location in the office of the county clerk at Colorado Springs" (Hall, History of the State of Colorado, [Chicago: 1895], vol.IV, p. 102). In 1881, Lowe would produce an additional map of the region (titled "Map of the Mining Districts surrounding the Townsite of Idaho-Springs"), this time depicting just a portion of the county but on a similar large scale and with a version of the view of Idaho from his 1866 map. (See Streeter sale 2202). We locate but two other known copies of this very rare 1866 Clear Creek County map (Denver Public Library and University of Colorado, Boulder [copies at Bancroft and Colorado Historical Society listed by OCLC are photocopies of original) and find no copies of the map ever appearing at auction. Not in Phillips, A List of Maps of America, #24766$50,000.00
	RINGGOLD, Cadwalader (1802-1867, surveyor) Chart of the Bay of San Pablo Straits of Carquines and part of the Bay of San Francisco California by ... Ringgold assisited by Simon F. Blunt ... Projected, constructed & drawn by Fred. D. Stuart ... assisted by A.H. Campbell Washington, D.C.: [circa 1850]. Lithographic map, by C.B. Graham from Ringgold's survey. Sheet size: 31 1/8 x 21 5/16 inches. In good condition, on later backing paper with a number of small repaired marginal tears. Rare unfolded thick paper issue of this important early chart of San Francisco bay and its environs by the 'Gold Rush Surveyor' (A.F. Houston) This rare separately issued map sheet is one of the results of a series of surveys carried out under Cadwalader Ringgold's's leadership between August 1849 and June 1850. The California gold rush had brought home the fact that there was an urgent need for accurate charts of the route from the Golden Gate up river to Sacramento and beyond to the area around Sutter's Fort on the American River. The local government and business community moved quickly: the San Francisco newspaper Alta California (20 June 1849) noted that 'A subscription is on foot among our business men to survey and buoy the Suisun bay and the Sacramento river between the port and Sacramento city. Captain Ringgold, USN, has been employed to make the survey, and there is every prospect that it will be speedily accomplished' The results of the survey were published in Ringgold's A series of charts, with sailing directions, embracing surveys of the Farallones, entrance to the bay of San Francisco, bays of San Francisco and San Pablo, straits of Carquines and Suisun Bay, confluence and deltic branches of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers and the Sacramento River (with the middle fork) to the American River, including the cities of Sacramento and Boston, State of California. (Washington: J.T. Towers, 1851), with the charts, folded and printed on thin paper. The present example is from the rare series of charts printed on thick paper, unfolded and intended for use on board the vessels wishing to make the hazardous journey up river to Sacramento. Cf. Alan Fraser Houston 'Cadwalader Ringgold, U.S. Navy' in California History, vol.79, Winter 2000; cf. Cowan (II), pp. 533-534; cf. Howes-Hartley R-301; cf. Kurutz 536c; cf. Rocq 11146; Rumsey 4658.001; cf. Sabin 71425; cf. Streeter Sale 2679 #19121$1,200.00
	TANNER, H.[enry] S.[chenck] (1786-1858) A Map of the United States of Mexico, as organized and defined by the several acts of Congress of the Republic ... Second edition, 1846 Philadelphia: H.S. Tanner, 1846. Copper-engraved map, on banknote paper, with original hand-colour. Good condition with some expert restoration to margins and old folds. Sheet size: 22 7/8 x 29 5/8 inches. An important and rare map of Mexico and the southwestern United States, depicting Texas in its largest form, the 1846 "Second edition" of the celebrated Tanner map. The present map embraces all of modern Mexico and the southwestern United States of America, and prominently features the new state of Texas with its original extensive boundaries. H.S. Tanner, of Philadelphia, was one of the most esteemed American mapmakers of the first half of the nineteenth-century. His 1822 Map of North America was one of the most influential of the period. In 1825, he excerpted and enlarged the portion of the map pertaining to what was a newly-independent Mexico, which then included the entire American southwest. Tanner's map effectively became the definitive source map for the region. It was brazenly copied in the White Gallaher & White map of 1828, which in turn directly inspired the famous Disturnell map of 1846, the "Treaty map" initially used to consider the redemarcation of the international border following the Mexican-American war. Walter Ristow noted that Tanner produced the first edition of the United States of Mexico map in 1825, and furthermore cited that he "issued 10 variants of one or another of five states" of the map up to 1847. The present map is officially termed as the "1846, second edition", although it is actually the seventh variant of the map to be issued, according to Ristow's classification. It closely follows the "1832, second edition," even including the "April 2nd, 1832" copyright imprint in the lower right corner. At this time, interest in all matters relating to Mexico and Texas amongst the American public was at an all-time high, and it is thought that Tanner hastily prepared this edition in order to capitalize on the commercial opportunities. Tanner did not take the time to avail himself of the most recent geographical advances, and consequently this map is a fascinating cartographic hold-out during a time of unprecedented change. Texas is portrayed as an enormous Mexican state, although it had since 1832 seceded, and later joined the Union as an American state. Its massive territory extends far to the north and west of its modern limits, following the eastern band of the Rio Grande up to its headwaters, up into the 'stovepipe' to a point touching the 42nd parallel. The geographical detailing of most of Texas is quite accurate, as Tanner was well apprised of Stephen F. Austin's surveys, a point underscored by his inclusion of 'Austin's Colony' in east-central Texas. In an improvement to it antecedent, the western portion of the state owes its form to William Emory's map of 1844. The depiction of what is now modern Mexico is quite advanced, in light of Alexander von Humboldt's exhaustive charting of the country. At this time, Tanner elected not to include information from Charles Frémont's ground-breaking map of 1845, based on his own discoveries. The coastline of Alta California still maintains a mythical quality, void of most actual details such as San Francisco Bay, but is replete with imaginary details such as the Buenaventura, Los Mongos, Timpangos and San Felipe Rivers. The interior regions extending all the way into what is now Colorado are shown to be almost completely unknown. A curious prophetic detail is the demarcation of a boundary line between Alta and Baja California, although located to the south of the international border that was to be set in 1848. The map includes a detailed inset depicting the key travel route from the port of Veracruz to Mexico City, the same path taken by U.S. forces during their successful attack on the Mexican capital in 1847. In the spirit of the times, the map also includes two statistical tables, one of distances and the other of population and geographical details of individual states. Tanner, wishing to update this map, produced a "third edition" later that same year that included Frémont's discoveries. Ristow A la Carte p.207; Wheat Mapping the Transmississippi West vol.III, p. 38 #19284$30,000.00
	THOMPSON & WEST (publishers) Map of the States of California and Nevada San Francisco: Published by Thompson & West, [1878]. Engraved folding map, with full-original colour. Folding into brown cloth covers, upper cover with border blocked in black and titled 'Thompson & West's / Pocket Map / of California / and part of / Nevada. / 120 Sutter Street, / San Francisco, Cal. / 1878' in black, lower cover with border blocked in blind, letterpress advertisements on front pastedown. Sheet size: 27 x 17 inches. An extremely rare pocket map of California and Nevada, an exceptional example in near mint condition This excellent map depicts the states of California and Nevada, following a generation of explosive growth. California had entered the Union in 1850, following the Gold Rush, and Nevada became a state in 1861 following the discovery of the Comstock Lode, America's greatest silver find. This region of the country had attracted hundreds of thousands of settlers, not only from the east coast, but from places as far away as Europe and China. The numerous counties that had been organized in each state, were carefully painted in resplendent colours. The thriving cities of San Francisco, Sacramento and San Diego in California; and Carson and Virginia City in Nevada stand out on the map. The Pacific Central Railway, which connected San Francisco to the eastern seaboard from 1869, is one of the most important features of the map. The map is corrected up to August, 1876, according to the integral dedicatory text. The advertisements that adorn the front paste-down are for W.E. Barnard & Co., real estate brokers of Oakland, and for 'official maps in atlas form of Alameda, Solano, Sonoma, and Santa Clara Counties, Cal.' published by Thompson & West. This map is both an attractive collector's piece and a fascinating historical document. Not in Rumsey; or Phillips Maps of America #16866$2,750.00
	TIRION, Izaak (d.1769) Karte van het Westelyk Gedeelte van Nieuw Mexico en van California Volgens de laatste Ontdekkingen der Jesuiten en anderen Amsterdam: Isaak Tirion, 1765. Copper-engraved map, with full original colour, in excellent condition. Sheet size: 16 x 19 inches. A very attractive and detailed map of the American Southwest and Baja California, by a respected Amsterdam cartographer This highly detailed map, with beautiful full original colour embraces the area from what is now central Arizona and southern California down to Sonora and the Baja California Peninsula of Mexico. The map depicts the region during an especially fascinating time in its development. The Baja Peninsula and Sonora are shown to be dotted with Spanish garrisons and Jesuit missions established in the wake of Father Eusebio Kino who explored the area in the late 1600s. Kino was also the first cartographer to definitively establish that California is not an island, as previously thought. The notations on the map refer to various episodes in the exploration of the region. The shores of the Peninsula and the Sea of Cortés are charted in finely assured detail as are the courses of the lower Colorado and Gila Rivers, the latter running near the present-day site of Phoenix, Arizona. With reference to what is now known as southern California, the map depicts the Channel Islands, and extends past "Kaap St. Diego" up towards modern-day Los Angeles, however the shape of the coastline seems to be based more on conjecture than on actual discovery. The first mission in Alta California, San Diego (founded 1769), was yet to be established, and accurate charting of the region by such figures as the Comte de La Pérouse were still to occur a generation into the future. The present map was included in Tirion's well-regarded Nieuwe en Beknopte Hand-Atlas. Lowery Collection, 498; Phillips, A List of Maps of America, p.494 and Atlases, 600-102; Wheat, TransMississippi West, 148; Wagner, Cartography of the Northwest Coast of America, 608 #19714$950.00
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